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The UK is made up of Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland, and is one of the 25 member states of the European Union (EU).
Capital cities London – England Edinburgh – Scotland Cardiff – Wales Belfast – Northern Ireland
Area Land and water: 152,033 square miles
Population The UK – approximately 60.6 million (England 50,714,000; Wales 2,977,000; Scotland 5,108,000; Northern Ireland 1,733,000).
Languages The two official languages in Britain are English and Welsh, English being the most widely spoken. Scottish Gaelic is also spoken in some parts of Scotland.
People The majority of the population is English, Scottish, Welsh and Irish. However, Britain is an extremely diverse nation with a strong culture of racial integration and unity.
Religion Most people are Christian (71%), although all other religions including Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam and Sikhism are freely practised. About 23% of Britain follow no particular religion.
Government The UK is a constitutional monarchy that is a representative democracy, where Queen Elizabeth II is recognised as the head of state, and the elected Prime Minister – Tony Blair – is the head of government.
Economic profile The UK is a leading trading power and a financial centre. Agriculture is an important industry and highly efficient. Primary energy, like coal and oil, are major contributors to the economy, but services like banking and insurance are the greatest contributors.
Currency Britain uses the pound sterling. The sign for the Great British Pound (GBP) is £.
Time zone 29 October – 26 March: Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) 26 March – 29 October: UTC + 1
Climate Britain has a fairly temperate climate and is sometimes overcast. The weather can vary greatly from day to day, but generally summer (June-August) is a hot 14-30 °C, and winter (December-February) is a cool 1-4 °C.
Weights & measures Historically Britain used the Imperial System, but new regulations make use of the Metric System compulsory with the exception of a few items, for example distance and speed are measured in miles and miles per hour.
Electricity Voltage is 240 volts AC at 50HZ. Appliances generally use standard 3-pin square plugs and sockets.
http://www.visitbritain.com/VB3-en-GB/aboutbritain/fast_facts/fast_facts.aspx
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